Tiếng Việt
Have you ever visited a Truc Lam Zen monastery in Vietnam? Have you ever wondered about its origins, when it was founded, and by whom? Join me as we explore Yen Tu Pagoda, the place where Emperor Tran Nhan Tong, also known as Truc Lam, practiced and taught Buddhism, and discover the fascinating legends of this sacred site!
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Introduction to Yen Tu Pagoda
History of Yen Tu Pagoda’s Formation
Yen Tu Pagoda is considered one of the most famous pagodas in Vietnam. It is located in Nam Mau Village, Thuong Yen Cong Commune, Uong Bi City, Quang Ninh Province. This was originally the place where Emperor Tran Nhan Tong chose to practice Buddhism and establish the Truc Lam Yen Tu Zen Monastery. Yen Tu Pagoda is regarded as a site of significant religious and historical importance, attracting many visitors.
Emperor Tran Nhan Tong
After abdicating the throne to his son, Yen Tu was the place Emperor Tran Nhan Tong chose to practice Buddhism and directly teach monks, nuns, and Buddhists. Truc Lam was the title of Tran Nhan Tong when he went to practice Buddhism in Vu Lam, Ninh Binh, and it was also the title of Zen Master Dao Vien, his predecessor. He, along with his two disciples, Phap Loa and Huyen Quang, contributed to founding the Truc Lam Zen sect, collectively known as the “Truc Lam Three Patriarchs.”
The Truc Lam Zen sect is considered to have inherited and unified three Vietnamese Zen lineages from the 12th century: Thao Duong, Ngon Thong, and Ti Ni Da Luu Chi. Afterwards, he traveled extensively to spread Zen Buddhism, striving to abolish temples dedicated to false and lustful deities, and teaching people to practice good deeds. At the same time, he returned to the inner palace and conferred Bodhisattva precepts upon the royal family and nobility.
Towards the end of his life, the master transmitted the dharma to his disciple Phap Loa, designating him as the second patriarch of the Truc Lam Yen Tu Zen sect, and then passed away at the age of 51. Through Emperor Tran Nhan Tong’s monastic life and propagation of the Dharma, Vietnamese Buddhism was unified into a complete religious community based on Buddhist thought, with Zen Buddhism representing the faith of that era. Therefore, Yen Tu Pagoda holds significant historical and religious importance, considered a leading spiritual destination in Vietnam.
Unique Architecture of Yen Tu Pagoda
The pagoda is also widely known for being situated halfway up Yen Tu Mountain at an altitude of over a thousand meters. From this vantage point, one can admire the panoramic view of the surrounding trees blending with mystical white mist. Furthermore, the pagoda is also considered the dividing line between Quang Ninh and Bac Giang provinces.
To witness the pagoda’s unique architecture, you must ascend either by taking one of the two cable car lines or, if capable enough, hiking the path up to an elevation of over 1000m. The pagoda features distinctly Buddhist architecture, characterized by its majestic two-story, eight-roofed triple gate, with curved roof eaves sweeping gracefully skyward. The columns within the pagoda are crafted from sturdy ironwood.
The pagoda’s architecture also exudes solemnity, adorned with intricate dragon and phoenix carvings on every design. The various halls within the pagoda have been meticulously designed to ensure ample ventilation and natural light.
When to Visit Yen Tu Pagoda?
As far as I know, Yen Tu Pagoda is open year-round for visitors from all directions to explore and offer prayers. The busiest time here is from the first lunar month to the third lunar month. This period also marks the Yen Tu Spring Festival, which attracts a great number of Buddhists and visitors from far and wide.
Therefore, for those who prefer the tranquil and peaceful atmosphere of the pagoda, it’s best to visit after March. During this time, the number of visitors isn’t too high, making your travel and sightseeing experience much more pleasant.
Tourist Attractions Near Yen Tu Pagoda
The path up to Yen Tu Pagoda is not easy, especially for those with weaker physiques. So, if you’ve made the effort to conquer the 1068-meter ascent to reach this place, you should definitely visit some other famous spots along the way to make your trip even more complete.
Yen Tu National Forest
After visiting Yen Tu Pagoda, you can continue to the adjacent Yen Tu National Forest. This forest spans 2,783 hectares and serves as a habitat and conservation area for many rare animal species in Quang Ninh province. What’s more, the air here is incredibly fresh, making it perfect for those who love to enjoy and immerse themselves in the beauty of endless nature.
Giai Oan Stream (Stream of Absolution)
You’re probably very curious about the name of this stream, aren’t you? Giai Oan Stream is one of the most interesting stops on your trip to Yen Tu Pagoda in Quang Ninh. According to local legend, during the time of Emperor Tran Nhan Tong, out of immense sorrow for the king, his concubines came to the mountain to plead with him to return to the imperial court. When he refused, they were so grief-stricken that they drowned themselves in the stream. From then on, the locals named the place Giai Oan Stream and made it a site for offering prayers for their souls.
Ha Pagoda (Lower Pagoda)
Next to Giai Oan Stream is Ha Pagoda, featuring six towers that form an extremely sturdy and solemn architectural complex. Inside these towers are altars dedicated to Emperor Tran Nhan Tong and his disciples, Phap Loa and Huyen Quang, acknowledging their significant contributions to the Truc Lam Zen sect.
Suoi Tam Pagoda (Bath Stream Pagoda)
This pagoda is also associated with stories of Emperor Tran Nhan Tong. Located in Dong Trieu commune, it’s highly regarded for its unique “Dragon Head” topography. In front of the pagoda, a small stream creates a picturesque landscape, surrounded by ancient trees that are up to 500 years old.
The pagoda earned its name because it’s said that Emperor Tran Nhan Tong once bathed here after descending the mountain. Additionally, Suoi Tam Pagoda impresses with its three-compartment, Dinh-shaped layout. This is known as the Tam Bao (Three Jewels) house, covering a total area of 200m².
Heaven’s Gate and Buddhist Stele
The Buddhist Stele is a large, natural rock with clearly visible Han Chinese characters representing Buddhist meaning: “Four-Character Illustrious Name.” The eight characters on it are: “A-Di-Da Phat – Tu Tu Hong Danh” (Amitabha Buddha – Four-Character Illustrious Name).
Near the Buddhist Stele is Heaven’s Gate, located close to the mountain peak and above Dong Pagoda. From here, visitors can broaden their horizons with sweeping, majestic views of the surrounding mountains and forests.
Notes When Visiting Dong Pagoda
Although there’s a cable car, the hiking path to the peak of Yen Tu Pagoda is quite long, so it’s best to bring a pair of athletic shoes.
Don’t forget to bring a few changes of clothes in case mountain climbing makes you sweat a lot. If you’re staying overnight, remember to bring warm clothes.
Please dress respectfully and modestly, maintain order, and protect the environment here.
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